While these strategies might be fine for development or finding bugs, they might not provide realistic performance data because of network latency: the time it takes messages to travel to a different server.
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Thermal and power throttling: Your laptop might stop running at full speed in order to prevent overheating, or conserve power when unplugged.Ī server in a cooled data-center doesn’t have those issues.Different CPU micro-architectures: Even if everything is x86_64, your local machine might not support the same SIMD operations as the server you’re running on, which matters for some data processing applications that can use SIMD to significantly speed up calculations.Different CPU architectures: The performance characteristics of an ARM M2 chip from Apple are different than those of an x86_64 server sometimes this won’t matter, sometimes it will matter a lot.The performance effects can be unexpected for example, this fun story about how a 24-core server was slower than a laptop with 4 cores. Or perhaps it’s the other way around, with your server running on a 4-core VM and your local machine being a 32-core. Different # of CPU cores: Your development machine might only have 4 cores, where your server has 32.Different core speeds: A 12th-generation Intel desktop, or any of Apple’s M1/M2 machines, probably has 1.75×-2× the single core speed of most (all?) servers you are likely to run in production.This can a result in a variety of differences, some more expected than others: Your local computer typically has a different CPU and core count than your production server. Keep in mind, however, that what follows is only a partial list. There are many different reasons why performance problems in production might not show up in local testing.īeing able to identify these reasons can be helpful in debugging performance problems, both as potential problems to check on, and as ways to make local testing more realistic. Why you can’t reproduce performance problems locally: a very partial list Just a hint of the complexities involved with cloud services, and more.Some of the differences between development and production that we’ll mention include: In this article, we’ll be focusing on server-based applications where your organization has set up the production environment (including cloud hosting) applications run by third-parties involve even more difficulties. To understand why, we’ll need to go over all the many ways production might differ from your laptop.
Sometimes, that’s all it takes, but quite often, local testing tells you nothing useful.įor many performance bottlenecks, the only way to identify the problem is to measure in production. You could spin up your application on your laptop, do some benchmarking, and try to find the bottleneck. Education 4.1.Your customers are complainin’, your monitors are alertin’, your thumbs are a-twiddlin’-whatever the symptom, the problem is that your application is too slow.Īnd you want to find out why, so you can fix it. Working with Binary Data Record LayoutsĢ.2.8. Brief Tour of the Standard Library – Part IIĢ.2.6.
Error Output Redirection and Program TerminationĢ.1.12. break and continue Statements, and else Clauses on Loopsġ.3.8.